Verb Paradigms
Table of contents
- Verb Conjugation - Endings
- Present System (Present, Imperfect, Future)
- Present Tense
- Imperfect Tense
- Future Tense
- Perfect System (Perfect, Pluperfect, Future Perfect)
- Perfect Tense
- Pluperfect Tense
- Future Perfect Tense
- Irregular Verbs
- sum
- Infinitives
Verb Conjugation - Endings
| Conjugation | 1st Principal Part Ending | 2nd Principal Part Ending |
| 1st | -ō | -āre |
| 2nd | -eō | -ēre |
| 3rd | -ō | -ere |
| 3rd -iō | -iō | -ere |
| 4th | -iō | -īre |
Present System (Present, Imperfect, Future)
Present Tense
1st Conjugation
- Paradigm verb: amō, amāre, amāvī, amātus - to love
| | Present Active Indicative | Present Passive Indicative |
| 1st sg. | amō | amor |
| 2nd sg. | amās | amāris |
| 3rd sg. | amat | amātur |
| 1st pl. | amāmus | amāmur |
| 2nd pl. | amātis | amāminī |
| 3rd pl. | amant | amantur |
2nd Conjugation
- Paradigm verb: videō, vidēre, vīdī, vīsus - to see; (passive) to seem
| | Present Active Indicative | Present Passive Indicative |
| 1st sg. | videō | videor |
| 2nd sg. | vidēs | vidēris |
| 3rd sg. | videt | vidētur |
| 1st pl. | vidēmus | vidēmur |
| 2nd pl. | vidētis | vidēminī |
| 3rd pl. | vident | videntur |
3rd Conjugation
- Paradigm verb: regō, regere, rexī, rectus - to rule
| | Present Active Indicative | Present Passive Indicative |
| 1st sg. | regō | regor |
| 2nd sg. | regis | regeris |
| 3rd sg. | regit | regitur |
| 1st pl. | regimus | regimur |
| 2nd pl. | regitis | regiminī |
| 3rd pl. | regunt | reguntur |
3rd -iō Conjugation
- Paradigm verb: capiō, capere, cēpī, captus - to take, seize
| | Present Active Indicative | Present Passive Indicative |
| 1st sg. | capiō | capior |
| 2nd sg. | capis | capieris |
| 3rd sg. | capit | capitur |
| 1st pl. | capimus | capimur |
| 2nd pl. | capitis | capiminī |
| 3rd pl. | capiunt | capiuntur |
4th Conjugation
- Paradigm verb: audiō, audīre, audiī / audīvī, audītus - to hear, listen to
| | Present Active Indicative | Present Passive Indicative |
| 1st sg. | audiō | audior |
| 2nd sg. | audīs | audīris |
| 3rd sg. | audit | audītur |
| 1st pl. | audīmus | audīmur |
| 2nd pl. | audītis | audīminī |
| 3rd pl. | audiunt | audiuntur |
Imperfect Tense
1st Conjugation
- Paradigm verb: amō, amāre, amāvī, amātus - to love
| | Imperfect Active Indicative | Imperfect Passive Indicative |
| 1st sg. | amābam | amābar |
| 2nd sg. | amābās | amābāris |
| 3rd sg. | amābat | amābātur |
| 1st pl. | amābāmus | amābāmur |
| 2nd pl. | amābātis | amābāminī |
| 3rd pl. | amābant | amābantur |
2nd Conjugation
- Paradigm verb: videō, vidēre, vīdī, vīsus - to see; (passive) to seem
| | Imperfect Active Indicative | Imperfect Passive Indicative |
| 1st sg. | vidēbam | vidēbar |
| 2nd sg. | vidēbās | vidēbāris |
| 3rd sg. | vidēbat | vidēbātur |
| 1st pl. | vidēbāmus | vidēbāmur |
| 2nd pl. | vidēbātis | vidēbāminī |
| 3rd pl. | vidēbant | vidēbantur |
3rd Conjugation
- Paradigm verb: regō, regere, rexī, rectus - to rule
| | Imperfect Active Indicative | Imperfect Passive Indicative |
| 1st sg. | regēbam | regēbar |
| 2nd sg. | regēbās | regēbāris |
| 3rd sg. | regēbat | regēbātur |
| 1st pl. | regēbāmus | regēbāmur |
| 2nd pl. | regēbātis | regēbāminī |
| 3rd pl. | regēbant | regēbantur |
3rd -iō Conjugation
- Paradigm verb: capiō, capere, cēpī, captus - to take, seize
| | Imperfect Active Indicative | Imperfect Passive Indicative |
| 1st sg. | capiēbam | capiēbar |
| 2nd sg. | capiēbās | capiēbāris |
| 3rd sg. | capiēbat | capiēbātur |
| 1st pl. | capiēbāmus | capiēbāmur |
| 2nd pl. | capiēbātis | capiēbāminī |
| 3rd pl. | capiēbant | capiēbantur |
4th Conjugation
- Paradigm verb: audiō, audīre, audiī / audīvī, audītus - to hear, listen to
| | Imperfect Active Indicative | Imperfect Passive Indicative |
| 1st sg. | audiēbam | audiēbar |
| 2nd sg. | audiēbās | audiēbāris |
| 3rd sg. | audiēbat | audiēbātur |
| 1st pl. | audiēbāmus | audiēbāmur |
| 2nd pl. | audiēbātis | audiēbāminī |
| 3rd pl. | audiēbant | audiēbantur |
Future Tense
1st Conjugation
- Paradigm verb: amō, amāre, amāvī, amātus - to love
| | Future Active Indicative | Future Passive Indicative |
| 1st sg. | amābō | amābor |
| 2nd sg. | amābīs | amābēris |
| 3rd sg. | amābit | amābitur |
| 1st pl. | amābīmus | amābimur |
| 2nd pl. | amābītis | amābiminī |
| 3rd pl. | amābunt | amābuntur |
2nd Conjugation
- Paradigm verb: videō, vidēre, vīdī, vīsus - to see; (passive) to seem
| | Future Active Indicative | Future Passive Indicative |
| 1st sg. | vidēbō | vidēbor |
| 2nd sg. | vidēbīs | vidēbēris |
| 3rd sg. | vidēbit | vidēbitur |
| 1st pl. | vidēbīmus | vidēbimur |
| 2nd pl. | vidēbītis | vidēbiminī |
| 3rd pl. | vidēbunt | vidēbuntur |
3rd Conjugation
- Paradigm verb: regō, regere, rexī, rectus - to rule
| | Future Active Indicative | Future Passive Indicative |
| 1st sg. | regam | regar |
| 2nd sg. | regēs | regēris |
| 3rd sg. | reget | regētur |
| 1st pl. | regēmus | regēmur |
| 2nd pl. | regētis | regēminī |
| 3rd pl. | regent | regentur |
3rd -iō Conjugation
- Paradigm verb: capiō, capere, cēpī, captus - to take, seize
| | Future Active Indicative | Future Passive Indicative |
| 1st sg. | capiam | capiar |
| 2nd sg. | capiēs | capiēris |
| 3rd sg. | capiet | capiētur |
| 1st pl. | capiēmus | capiēmur |
| 2nd pl. | capiētis | capiēminī |
| 3rd pl. | capient | capientur |
4th Conjugation
- Paradigm verb: audiō, audīre, audiī / audīvī, audītus - to hear, listen to
| | Future Active Indicative | Future Passive Indicative |
| 1st sg. | audiam | audiar |
| 2nd sg. | audiēs | audiēris |
| 3rd sg. | audiet | audiētur |
| 1st pl. | audiēmus | audiēmur |
| 2nd pl. | audiētis | audiēminī |
| 3rd pl. | audient | audientur |
Perfect System (Perfect, Pluperfect, Future Perfect)
Perfect Tense
- Paradigm verb: amō, amāre, amāvī, amātus - to love
| | Perfect Active Indicative | Perfect Passive Indicative |
| 1st sg. | amāvī | amātus, -a, -um sum |
| 2nd sg. | amāvistī | amātus, -a, -um es |
| 3rd sg. | amāvit | amātus, -a, -um est |
| 1st pl. | amāvimus | amātī, -ae, -a sumus |
| 2nd pl. | amāvistis | amātī, -ae, -a estis |
| 3rd pl. | amāvērunt / amāvēre | amātī, -ae, -a sunt |
Pluperfect Tense
- Paradigm verb: amō, amāre, amāvī, amātus - to love
| | Pluperfect Active Indicative | Pluperfect Passive Indicative |
| 1st sg. | amāveram | amātus, -a, -um eram |
| 2nd sg. | amāverās | amātus, -a, -um erās |
| 3rd sg. | amāverat | amātus, -a, -um erat |
| 1st pl. | amāverāmus | amātī, -ae, -a erāmus |
| 2nd pl. | amāverātis | amātī, -ae, -a erātis |
| 3rd pl. | amāverant | amātī, -ae, -a erant |
Future Perfect Tense
- Paradigm verb: amō, amāre, amāvī, amātus - to love
| | Fut. Pf. Active Indicative | Fut. Pf. Passive Indicative |
| 1st sg. | amāverō | amātus, -a, -um erō |
| 2nd sg. | amāveris | amātus, -a, -um erīs |
| 3rd sg. | amāverit | amātus, -a, -um erit |
| 1st pl. | amāverimus | amātī, -ae, -a erīmus |
| 2nd pl. | amāveritis | amātī, -ae, -a erītis |
| 3rd pl. | amāverint | amātī, -ae, -a erunt |
Irregular Verbs
sum
| | Present Active Indicative | Imperfect Active Indicative | Future Active Indicative |
| 1st sg. | sum | eram | erō |
| 2nd sg. | es | erās | erīs |
| 3rd sg. | est | erat | erit |
| 1st pl. | sumus | erāmus | erīmus |
| 2nd pl. | estis | erātis | erītis |
| 3rd pl. | sunt | erant | erunt |
Infinitives
- Paradigm verbs: amō, videō, regō, capiō, audiō
| | 1st Conj. | 2nd Conj. | 3rd Conj. | 3rd -iō Conj. | 4th Conj. |
| Present Active | amāre | vidēre | regere | capere | audīre |
| Present Passive | amārī | vidērī | regī | capī | audīrī |
| Perfect Active | āmāvisse | vīdisse | rexisse | cēpisse | audīvisse / audiisse |
| Perfect Passive | amātus … esse | vīsus … esse | rectus … esse | captus … esse | audītus … esse |